Where do Physeal fractures occur?

Where do Physeal fractures occur?

Physeal fractures tend to occur through the zone of provisional calcification, however, they may cross several zones depending on the type of injury or the external force that is applied (e.g., shear vs. compression vs. tension forces). The zone of hypertrophic/maturing cells is commonly affected when fractures occur.

What is the other name for Physeal fracture?

A Salter–Harris fracture is a fracture that involves the epiphyseal plate or growth plate of a bone, specifically the zone of provisional calcification. It is thus a form of child bone fracture….Salter–Harris fracture.

How many types of Physeal fractures there are?

The five basic fracture types of the Salter-Harris classification are shown. A Type I fracture is a separation through the physis. A Type II fracture enters in the plane of the physis and exits through the metaphysis. The resulting metaphyseal fragment is called the Thurston-Holland fragment (*).

What is a Physeal bridge?

It consists of a bony bridge crossing the growth plate that results in growth disturbance and/or deformity. These bars form when the cartilage barrier is breached as a result of infection or trauma, this abnormal connection of metaphysis and epiphysis can be fibrous or osseous.

What is an Epiphysiodesis surgery?

Epiphysiodesis is the surgical ablation of a physis to stop its future growth, generally used to correct a leg length discrepancy. Prediction of leg length discrepancy at skeletal maturity can be difficult and multiple methods have been developed to provide an estimate.

Is metaphysis and physeal the same?

Also known as a physeal separation, there is no extension into the metaphysis or epiphysis (Figure 4). If non-displaced, they can be difficult to diagnose on radiographs. In these cases, tenderness directly over the growth plate is the best indication of injury.

How do physeal bridges occur?

Abstract. The cartilaginous primary physis, or growth plate, at the end of long bones in children allows for longitudinal bone growth. A variety of insults to the physis can lead to physeal bridge formation, which in turn can lead to limb-shortening and angular deformities.

What is the Endosteum?

Endosteum: A membrane lining the inner surface of the bony wall also identified as the lining membrane of the Bone marrow cavity is endosteum; The endosteum lines the Haversian canal and all the internal cavities of the bone.

How are children’s bones different than adults?

The osteoid density of a child’s bone is less than an adult’s. Juvenile bone is more porous than adult bone because the Haversian canals occupy a much greater part of the bone (Figure 4). This is the principal reason a child’s bone can bend more than an adult’s bone.