What is pharmacodynamic tolerance?

What is pharmacodynamic tolerance?

Pharmacodynamic tolerance occurs when the intrinsic responsivity of the receptor system diminishes over time. Acute tolerance is mediated predominantly by pharmacodynamic mechanisms, manifested as a decreased response following a single administration of the agent or during repeat-dosing but over a short time frame.

What is an example of pharmacodynamic tolerance?

If you increase the amount of alcohol you drink, then your cells will likely react to the alcohol and make you feel relaxed again. Another possible way that pharmacodynamic drug tolerance occurs is by the body reducing the number of target sites available to react to the drug.

What is the difference between pharmacokinetic tolerance and pharmacodynamic tolerance?

Tolerance may be caused by pharmacokinetic factors, such as increased drug metabolism, that decrease the concen- trations achieved with a given dose. There can also be pharmacodynamic tolerance, which occurs when the same concentration at the receptor site results in a reduced effect with repeated exposure.

How does pharmacodynamic tolerance develop?

Pharmacodynamic tolerance begins when the cellular response to a substance is reduced with repeated use. A common cause of pharmacodynamic tolerance is high concentrations of a substance constantly binding with the receptor, desensitizing it through constant interaction.

What is pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics?

In simple words, pharmacokinetics is ‘what the body does to the drug’. Pharmacodynamics describes the intensity of a drug effect in relation to its concentration in a body fluid, usually at the site of drug action. It can be simplified to ‘what the drug does to the body’.

What are examples of pharmacodynamics?

Drug interactions occur on pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels. Examples of pharmacodynamic interactions are simultaneous administration of a NSAID and phenprocoumon (additive interaction), or of aspirin and ibuprofen (antagonistic interaction).

What is the pharmacodynamic phase?

This phase describes the mechanisms of drug action by which a drug molecule causes its effect on the body.

What is the concept of pharmacodynamics?

Pharmacodynamics is the study of a drug’s molecular, biochemical, and physiologic effects or actions. It comes from the Greek words “pharmakon,” meaning “drug,” and “dynamikos,” meaning “power.”

What does pharmacodynamics include?

Pharmacodynamics (sometimes described as what a drug does to the body) is the study of the biochemical, physiologic, and molecular effects of drugs on the body and involves receptor binding Drug–Receptor Interactions Receptors are macromolecules involved in chemical signaling between and within cells; they may be …